Jab crime unknown attacker ne kiya ho, witness sirf itna kehta hai ki “maine chehra dekha tha”. Investigation me police Test Identification Parade (TIP) organise kar sakti hai – jahan witness suspect ko line-up me identify karta hai.
TIP ka main purpose trial ke liye corroborative evidence create karna hai. Ye court ko dikhata hai ki witness ne accused pe later, court room me pehli baar nahi, pehle hi investigation ke stage pe ungli uthayi thi.
Yeh process fair hona chahiye:
- Suspect ko line-up me similar appearance wale logon ke sath khada kiya jaye,
- Police witness ko pehle se photo ya direct dikhakar influence na kare,
- Magistrate ya neutral officer oversee kare.
TIP ka result direct proof nahi, lekin kaafi weight carry karta hai, specially jab aur circumstantial evidence support kare. Agar investigation me TIP ka chance tha aur police ne skip kiya, to later courtroom identification weak ho sakta hai.
Witness ke liye bhi yeh moment stressful hota hai; memory, lighting, stress sab role play karte hain. Isi liye courts blindly TIP pe dependent nahi rehte; wo complete evidence puzzle dekhte hain.
